Harm Reduction: When Does it Improve Health, and When Does it Backfire?
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Optimal diet theory: when does it work, and when and why does it fail?
Over the last three decades, many studies have attempted to explain forager diets by using optimal diet theory (ODT). Despite some obvious successes, the utility of this theory remains controversial. We reviewed the results of 134 studies of optimal diet theory to test hypotheses on factors that can explain variation in the ability of ODT to predict diets and diet shifts in response to changes ...
متن کاملConsequences of Cathodal Stimulation for Behavior: When Does It Help and When Does It Hurt Performance?
Cathodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (C-tDCS) has been reported, across different studies, to facilitate or hinder performance, or simply to have no tangible effect on behavior. This discrepancy is most prominent when C-tDCS is used to alter a cognitive function, questioning the assumption that cathodal stimulation always compromises performance. In this study, we aimed to study the...
متن کاملWhen expert advice works, and when it does not
0th experts and users of expertise fail to grasp the role. of expertise in decision making. Of course, expert advice is essential in complex human activities, but those who follow that advice also sometimes regret it. Under what conditions does expert advice and action tend to produce satisfactory outcomes? Recent studies of technological controversies and governmental regulatory procedures rev...
متن کاملWhen Choice Motivates and When It Does Not
This article addresses the controversy regarding the value of offering choices as a teaching practice. Inconsistent of results regarding the effects of choice in various settings suggest that choice can be either motivating or de-motivating. Based on the selfdetermination theory of motivation (Deci & Ryan, 2000), we propose that choice can be motivating when the options meet the students’ need ...
متن کاملDoes it matter when drugs are taken?
Blood pressure varies throughout the day, being highest on awakening in the morning and lowest during sleep. However, the sleep blood pressure predicts cardiovascular and cerebrovascular ischemic events better than the awake blood pressure, which predicts hemorrhagic strokes.1 Thus, the level of blood pressure interacts with the hormonal environment to determine the outcome. Similar observation...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Social Science Research Network
سال: 2023
ISSN: ['1556-5068']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4349558